abstract type DiffOp end

function apply(D::DiffOp, v::AbstractVector, i::Int)
    error("not implemented")
end

function innerProduct(D::DiffOp, u::AbstractVector, v::AbstractVector)::Real
    error("not implemented")
end

function matrixRepresentation(D::DiffOp)
    error("not implemented")
end

function boundaryCondition(D::DiffOp,b::Grid.BoundaryId,type)::(Closure, Penalty)
    error("not implemented")
end

function interface(Du::DiffOp, Dv::DiffOp, b::Grid.BoundaryId; type)
    error("not implemented")
end

abstract type Closure end

function apply(c::Closure, v::AbstractVector, i::Int)
    error("not implemented")
end

abstract type Penalty end

function apply(c::Penalty, g, i::Int)
    error("not implemented")
end

# DiffOp must have a grid!!!
function apply!(D::DiffOp, u::AbstractVector, v::AbstractVector)
    for i ∈ 1:Grid.numberOfPoints(D.grid)
        u[i] = apply(D, v, i)
    end
    return nothing
end

function apply(D::DiffOp, v::AbstractVector)::AbstractVector
    u = zeros(eltype(v), size(v))
    apply!(D,v,u)
    return u
end

struct Laplace{Dim,T<:Real,N,M,K} <: DiffOp
    grid::Grid.EquidistantGrid{Dim,T}
    a::T
    op::D2{Float64,N,M,K}
end

# u = L*v
function apply(L::Laplace{1}, v::AbstractVector, i::Int)
    h = Grid.spacings(L.grid)[1]
    uᵢ = L.a * apply(L.op, h, v, i)
    return uᵢ
end

using UnsafeArrays

# u = L*v
function apply(L::Laplace{1}, v::AbstractVector, i::Int)
    h = Grid.spacings(L.grid)[1]
    uᵢ = L.a * apply(L.op, h, v, i)
    return uᵢ
end

function apply!(L::Laplace{2}, u::AbstractVector, v::AbstractVector)
    lowerind, upperind, interiorind = stencilindices(L.grid)
    for si ∈ lowerind
       u[si.globalindex] = apply(L, v, si)
    end
    for si ∈ upperind
       u[si.globalindex] = apply(L, v, si)
    end
    for si ∈ interiorind
        u[si.globalindex] = apply(L, v, si)
    end
    return nothing
end

@inline function apply(L::Laplace{2}, v::AbstractVector, si::StencilIndex)
    h = Grid.spacings(L.grid)
    li = LinearIndices(L.grid.numberOfPointsPerDim)
    # 2nd x-derivative
    @inbounds vx = uview(v, uview(li,:,si.gridindex[2]))
    uᵢ  = apply(L.op, h[1], vx , si.gridindex[1], si)
    # 2nd y-derivative
    @inbounds vy = uview(v, uview(li,si.gridindex[1],:))
    uᵢ += apply(L.op, h[2], vy, si.gridindex[2], si)
    return uᵢ
end

function apply(L::Laplace{2}, v::AbstractVector, i::Int)
    h = Grid.spacings(L.grid)

    li = LinearIndices(L.grid.numberOfPointsPerDim)
    ci = CartesianIndices(L.grid.numberOfPointsPerDim)
    I = ci[i]

    # 2nd x-derivative
    @inbounds vx = uview(v, uview(li,:,I[2]))
    uᵢ  = apply(L.op, h[1], vx , I[1])
    # 2nd y-derivative
    @inbounds vy = uview(v, uview(li,I[1],:))
    uᵢ += apply(L.op, h[2], vy, I[2])

    return uᵢ
end